The name "Canada" refers to this settlement. Champlain, also called " The Father of New France", served as its administrator for the rest of his life. Lawrence Iroquoian settlement called Stadacona. Quebec was founded by Samuel de Champlain, a French explorer and diplomat, on 3 July 1608, and at the site of a long abandoned St. The fort was at the mouth of the Rivière du Cap Rouge, in the suburban former town of Cap-Rouge (which merged into Quebec City in 2002). It is home to the earliest known French settlement in North America, Fort Charlesbourg-Royal, established in 1541 by explorer Jacques Cartier with some 400 persons but abandoned less than a year later due to the hostility of the natives and the harsh winter. Augustine, Santa Fe, Jamestown, and Tadoussac).ĭepiction of Jacques Cartier's meeting with the indigenous people of Stadacona in 1535 While many of the major cities in Latin America date from the 16th century, among cities in Canada and the U.S., few were created earlier than Quebec City ( St. Quebec City is one of the oldest European settlements in North America and the only fortified city north of Mexico whose walls still exist. See also: History of Quebec City and Timeline of Quebec City history French Regime (1500s–1763) The National Assembly of Quebec (provincial legislature), the Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec ( National Museum of Fine Arts of Quebec), and the Musée de la civilisation ( Museum of Civilization) are found within or near Vieux-Québec. The city's landmarks include the Château Frontenac hotel that dominates the skyline and the Citadelle of Quebec, an intact fortress that forms the centrepiece of the ramparts surrounding the old city and includes a secondary royal residence. The Algonquian people had originally named the area Kébec, an Algonquin word meaning "where the river narrows", because the Saint Lawrence River narrows proximate to the promontory of Quebec and its Cape Diamant. As a result, the city is Québec and the province is le Québec "in Quebec City" is à Québec and "in the province of Quebec" is au Québec and so forth. In French, the two are distinguished in that most province names including Quebec take definite articles, while most city names do not. The government of Quebec spells both names "Québec", including when writing in English. As a result, in English, the federal government style distinguishes the city and province by spelling the city with an acute accent (Québec) and the province without one (Quebec). However, province names can have different forms in English and French. Thus, Québec is officially spelled with an accented é in both Canadian English and French.
Īccording to the Government of Canada, the Government of Quebec, and the Geographical Names Board of Canada, the names of Canadian cities and towns have only one official form. Name and usage įurther information: Name of Quebec City and Quebec § EtymologyĬommon English-language usage distinguishes the city from the province by referring to the former as Quebec City. This area was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1985 as the "Historic District of Old Québec". The ramparts surrounding Old Quebec ( Vieux-Québec) are the only fortified city walls remaining in the Americas north of Mexico.
Quebec City is one of the oldest European settlements in North America. It has a humid continental climate with warm summers coupled with cold and snowy winters.Įxplorer Samuel de Champlain founded a French settlement here in 1608, and adopted the Algonquin name. It is also the second-largest city in the province, after Montreal. It is the eleventh -largest city and the seventh -largest metropolitan area in Canada. As of July 2021, the city had a population of 549,459, and the metropolitan area had a population of 839,311. Quebec City ( / k w ɪ ˈ b ɛ k/ i or / k ə ˈ b ɛ k/ French: Ville de Québec), officially Québec ( i), is the capital city of the Canadian province of Quebec.
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